Astronomy

8 astronomy and telescope calculators.

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Telescope Magnification

Magnification, exit pupil and useful range from scope, eyepiece and Barlow.

Focal Ratio

Solve focal length, aperture or f/number from the other two.

True Field of View

Sky the eyepiece shows: apparent field / magnification, with Moon widths.

Exit Pupil

Exit pupil from aperture / magnification or eyepiece / focal ratio.

Dawes Limit

Telescope resolving power (Dawes 116/D, Rayleigh 138/D) from aperture.

Limiting Magnitude

Faintest stars a telescope shows, plus light grasp vs the naked eye.

Astro Distances

Convert light-years, parsecs, AU, km and miles, with light travel time.

Pixel Scale

Arcsec/pixel, sensor field of view and sampling verdict for astrophotography.

About this toolkit

A set of astronomy calculators for visual observing and astrophotography: telescope magnification with Barlow and exit pupil, focal ratio, the true field of view of an eyepiece, Dawes and Rayleigh resolution limits, limiting magnitude, a light-year / parsec / AU distance converter, and the pixel scale and sampling of a camera-telescope combination. Standard optics maths, all in your browser.

Who uses these tools

Frequently asked questions

Are these astronomy calculators accurate?

They use the standard formulas: magnification = focal length ÷ eyepiece, exit pupil = aperture ÷ magnification, Dawes 116/D, the classic 7.7 + 5·log10(D cm) limiting-magnitude estimate, IAU-exact distance constants and pixel scale = 206.265 × µm ÷ mm. Real-world results shift with seeing, sky darkness and your eyes; the notes on each tool say how.

Do I need to install anything?

No. Every calculator runs entirely in your browser with no download, sign-up, or data leaving your device.

Which tools are in this category?

Telescope magnification, focal ratio, true field of view, exit pupil, Dawes limit, limiting magnitude, astronomical distances and pixel scale.

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